Actos 15mg 30tablets

Indications:
Used to improve glycemic control in adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus, either as monotherapy or in combination with other antidiabetic agents such as metformin, sulfonylureas, or insulin.

Mechanism of Action:
Pioglitazone enhances insulin sensitivity by activating peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPAR-γ), which regulates genes involved in glucose and lipid metabolism. This results in improved cellular uptake of glucose and reduced hepatic glucose production.

Dosage:

• Usual starting dose: 15–30mg once daily.

• Maximum dose: 45mg once daily.

• Can be taken with or without food.

• Dose should be individualized based on blood glucose response and tolerance.

Precautions:

• Contraindicated in patients with active bladder cancer or severe heart failure (NYHA class III–IV).

• Use cautiously in patients with liver impairment; monitor liver enzymes regularly.

• May cause or worsen edema; monitor for weight gain and signs of heart failure.

• Not recommended in type 1 diabetes or diabetic ketoacidosis.

Possible Side Effects:

• Fluid retention and edema

• Weight gain

• Headache and dizziness

• Increased risk of bone fractures in women

• Possible elevation in liver enzymes

• Rare: heart failure, anemia, or macular edema